| 名称 | 化学式 | 分子量 | 气体常数R | 密度ρ | 沸点Tb | 比热比χ | 临 界点 | ||
| kg .m | (kg/m3) | K(在760 | (在20℃及 | 温度Tc (K) | 压力Pc (kgf/cm2) | 密度ρc (kg/m3) | |||
| kg .K | 标态 | mm Hg下) | 760mmHg下) | ||||||
| 空气 | 
					 | 28.96 | 29.28 | 1.2928 | 78.8 | 1.4* | 132.42~ | 38.4 | 328~ | 
| (干) | 
					 | 
					 | 
					 | 
					 | 
					 | 
					 | 132.52 | 
					 | 320 | 
| 氮 | N2 | 28.0134 | 30.27 | 1.2506 | 77.35 | 1.4* | 126.1 | 34.6 | 312 | 
| 氧 | O2 | 31.9988 | 26.5 | 1.4289 | 90.17 | 1.397* | 154.78 | 51.7 | 426.5 | 
| 氩 | Ar | 39.948 | 21.23 | 1.7840 | 87.291 | 1.68 | 150.7 | 49.6 | 535 | 
| 氖 | Ne | 20.183 | 42.02 | 0.9000 | 27.09 | 1.68 | 44.4 | 27.8 | 483 | 
| 氦 | He | 4.003 | 211.84 | 0.17847 | 4.215 | 1.66 | 5.199 | 2.34 | 69 | 
| 氪 | Ke | 83.80 | 10.12 | 3.6431 | 119.79 | 1.67 | 209.4 | 56.1 | 909 | 
| 氙 | Xe | 131.30 | 6.46 | 5.89 | 165.02 | 1.666 | 289.75 | 59.9 | 1105 | 
| 氢 | H2 | 2.016 | 420.63 | 0.08988 | 20.38 | 1.412* | 32.976 | 13.2 | 31.45 | 
| 甲烷 | CH4 | 16.043 | 52.86 | 0.7167 | 111.7 | 1.315* | 190.7 | 47.3 | 162 | 
| 乙烷 | C2H6 | 30.07 | 28.20 | 1.3567 | 184.52 | 1.18* | 305.45 | 49.8 | 203 | 
| 丙烷 | C3H8 | 44.097 | 19.23 | 2.005 | 231.05 | 1.13* | 369.95 | 43.4 | 220 | 
| 正丁烷 | C4H10 | 58.124 | 14.59 | 2.703 | 272.65 | 1.10* | 425.15 | 38.71 | 228 | 
| 异丁烷 | C4H10 | 58.124 | 14.59 | 2.675 | 261.45 | 1.11* | 408.15 | 37.2 | 222 | 
| 正戊烷 | C5H12 | 72.151 | 11.75 | 3.215 | 309.25 | 1.07* | 469.75 | 34.37 | 244 | 
| 乙烯 | C2H4 | 28.054 | 30.23 | 1.2604 | 169.45 | 1.22* | 283.05 | 51.6 | 227 | 
| 丙烯 | C3H6 | 42.081 | 20.15 | 1.914 | 225.45 | 1.15* | 365.05 | 47.1 | 233 | 
| 丁烯-1 | C4H8 | 56.108 | 15.11 | 2.500 | 266.85 | 1.11* | 419.15 | 40.99 | 233 | 
| 顺丁烯-2 | C4H8 | 56.108 | 15.11 | 2.500 | 276.85 | 1.1214* | 433.15 | 42.89 | 238 | 
| 反丁烯-2 | C4H8 | 56.108 | 15.11 | 2.500 | 274.05 | 1.1073* | 428.15 | 41.83 | 238 | 
| 异丁烯 | C4H8 | 56.108 | 15.11 | 2.500 | 266.25 | 1.1058* | 417.85 | 40.77 | 234 | 
| 乙炔 | C2H2 | 26.038 | 32.57 | 1.1717 | 189.13升华 | 1.24 | 309.15 | 63.7 | 231 | 
| 苯 | C6H6 | 78.114 | 10.86 | 3.3 | 353.25 | 1.101 | 562.15 | 50.19 | 304 | 
| 一氧化碳 | CO | 28.0106 | 30.27 | 1.2504 | 81.65 | 1.395 | 132.92 | 35.6 | 301 | 
| 二氧化碳 | CO2 | 44.00995 | 19.27 | 1.977 | 194.75升华 | 1.295 | 304.19 | 75.28 | 468 | 
| 一氧化氮 | NO | 30.0061 | 28.26 | 1.3401 | 121.45 | 1.4 | 179.15 | 66.1 | 52 | 
| 二氧化氮 | NO2 | 46.0055 | 18.43 | 2.055 | 294.35 | 1.31 | 431.35 | 103.3 | 570 | 
| 一氧化二氮 | N2O | 44.0128 | 19.27 | 1.9781 | 184.69 | 1.274 | 309.71 | 74.1 | 457 | 
| 硫化氢 | H2S | 34.07994 | 24.88 | 1.539 | 212.85 | 1.32 | 373.55 | 91.8 | 373 | 
| 氢氰酸 | HCN | 27.0258 | 31.38 | 1.2246 | 298.85 | 1.31(65℃) | 456.65 | 54.8 | 200 | 
| 氧硫化碳 | COS | 60.0746 | 14.12 | 2.721 | 222.95 | 
					 | 378.15 | 63 | 
					 | 
| 臭氧 | O3 | 47.9982 | 17.67 | 2.144 | 161.25 | 
					 | 261.05 | 69.2 | 537 | 
| 二氧化硫 | SO2 | 64.0628 | 13.24 | 2.927 | 263.15 | 1.25 | 430.65 | 80.4 | 524 | 
| 氟 | F2 | 37.9968 | 22.32 | 1.695 | 85.03 | 1.358 | 172.15 | 56.8 | 473 | 
| 氯 | Cl2 | 70.906 | 11.96 | 3.214 | 238.55 | 1.35 | 417.15 | 78.6 | 573 | 
| 氯甲烷 | CH3Cl | 50.488 | 16.8 | 2.3044 | 249.39 | 1.28 | 416.15 | 68.1 | 353 | 
| 氯乙烷 | C2H5Cl | 64.515 | 13.14 | 2.870 | 285.45 | 1.19 | 455.95 | 53.7 | 330 | 
| 
					 | 
					 | 
					 | 
					 | 
					 | 
					 | (16℃,0.3~ | 
					 | 
					 | 
					 | 
| 
					 | 
					 | 
					 | 
					 | 
					 | 
					 | 0.5标准大气压) | 
					 | 
					 | 
					 | 
| 氨 | NH2 | 17.0306 | 49.79 | 0.771 | 239.75 | 1.32 | 405.65 | 115.0 | 235 | 
| 氟里昂-11 | CCl3F | 137.3686 | 6.17 | 6.20 | 296.95 | 1.135 | 471.15 | 44.6 | 554 | 
| 氟里昂-12 | CCl2F2 | 120.914 | 7.01 | 5.39 | 243.35 | 1.138 | 385.15 | 40.0 | 558 | 
| 氟里昂-13 | CClF3 | 104.4594 | 8.12 | 4.654 | 191.75 | 1.150(10℃) | 302.05 | 39.4 | 578 | 
| 氟里昂-113 | CCl2FCClF2 | 187.3765 | 4.53 | 8.274 | 320.75 | 
					 | 487.25 | 34.80 | 576 | 
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